Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan) sits where Europe meets Asia, between the Caucasus Mountains and the Caspian Sea, the largest lake on Earth. It covers about 33,400 square miles (86,600 km²), and its highest peak, Bazardüzü, rises to about 14,652 feet (4,466 m) on the snowy ridge along the border with Russia.
It is nicknamed the Land of Fire, and its best-known natural sight is Yanar Dag, a hillside near Baku where natural gas seeping from the ground has kept flames burning for decades. At Gobustan, thousands of ancient rock carvings of hunters, boats and animals are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The national animal is the Karabakh horse.
Goitered gazelles, once close to vanishing, now graze the dry plains of Shirvan National Park, while the Caspian coast and its wetlands draw flamingos, pelicans and huge flocks of wintering ducks. Caspian seals, found nowhere else, live in the sea offshore, and thick forests cover the green Talysh Mountains in the far south.
Did You Know? Azerbaijan has around 400 mud volcanoes, close to half of all those on Earth, and many bubble and gurgle with cold, gray mud.
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