Cuba is the largest island in the Caribbean, stretching about 780 miles (1,250 km) from end to end and covering, with its smaller islands, about 42,430 square miles (109,884 km²). Most of it is gently rolling farmland and palm-dotted plains, with mountain ranges in the west, the center and the far east.
Its most famous natural landscape is the Viñales Valley, a UNESCO World Heritage Site where tobacco fields lie between steep limestone hills called mogotes. In the east, Pico Turquino rises about 6,476 feet (1,974 m), and on the south coast the Zapata Swamp is the largest wetland in the Caribbean. The Cuban trogon, the national bird, shares the colors of the flag.
The Zapata Swamp is home to the rare Cuban crocodile, while Alejandro de Humboldt National Park protects one of the richest forests in the Caribbean, where the shy, shrew-like Cuban solenodon still survives. Offshore, the reefs of the Jardines de la Reina are among the healthiest in the region, full of groupers, sharks and corals.
Did You Know? Cuba is home to the bee hummingbird, the smallest bird on Earth, which is only about 2 inches (5 cm) long and weighs less than a dime.
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